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08.08/

2024

Photoacoustic Imaging (PAI) is recognized as a revolutionizing biomedical imaging technology with its non-invasive and non-ionizing characteristics. Harnessing the photoacoustic effect, PAI uses modulated laser light to target tissues, generating ultrasonic waves that are then detected and analyzed to reconstruct high-contrast, high-resolution images. This technology has attracted considerable attention due to its potential in diagnosing lesions at early stages.

Types of Photoacoustic Imaging:

There are three primary types: Focused Scanning Photoacoustic Microscopy (PAM), Photoacoustic Computed Tomography (PACT), and Photoacoustic Endoscopy (PAE). PAM and PAE offer micrometer-level resolution for imaging at millimeter depths, while PACT can handle both microscopic and macroscopic imaging.

Applications of Photoacoustic Imaging:

PAI offers unprecedented versatility, bridging the gap between microscopic and macroscopic imaging. This capability allows consistent contrast imaging, aiding the development of systems biology models that explain multi-scale biological phenomena. Moreover, it accelerates the transition from lab discoveries to clinical applications.

Key applications include angiogenesis, microcirculation, tumor microenvironment, drug reaction, brain function, biomarker, and gene activity imaging. Clinical uses range from melanoma and cancer detection to minimally invasive endoscopic imaging and intraoperative tumor margin imaging.

Recent advancements highlight PAI's potential in real-time, label-free tissue examination, significantly impacting clinical medicine. In preclinical research, PAI focuses on brain injuries, disease prediction, tumor metastasis, and cancer diagnostics. It also effectively studies cerebrovascular diseases like strokes, showing promise for understanding human disease progression and developing new treatments.

While largely confined to animal experimentation, PAI is gradually transitioning to human tissue imaging, undergoing extensive application analysis and validation. This research holds significant implications for the future of medical imaging, offering a potentially epoch-making step forward.

References:

[1] L. V. Wang, H. Wu, Biomedical Optics: Principles and Imaging (Wiley, Hoboken, NJ, 2007).
[2] L. V. Wang and S. Hu, Photoacoustic tomography: in vivo imaging from organelles to organs. Science 335.6075(2012):1458-1462.